U.S. Patents

USP 4,711,256 (December 8, 1987) Method and Apparatus for Removal of Small Particles from a Surface

USP 5,536,327 (July 16, 1996) Removal of Hydrocarbon or Fluorocarbon Residues using Coupling Agent Additives

USP 5,647,386 (July 15, 1997) Automatic Precision Cleaning Apparatus with Continuous Online Monitoring and Feedback

USP 5,733,416 (March 31, 1998) Process for Water Displacement and Component Recycling

USP 6,053,952 (April 25, 2000) Method of Dry Cleaning Using a Highly Fluorinated Organic Liquid

USP 7,163,589 (January 16, 2007) Method and Apparatus for Decontamination of Sensitive Equipment

USP 7,494,629 (February 24, 2009) Decontamination system

 

Articles and Conference Proceedings

R. Kaiser, “Enhanced Removal of Sub-Micron Particles from Surfaces by High Molecular Weight Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, p. 269-282, in “Particles on Surfaces 2: Detection, Adhesion and Removal”, K.L. Mittal, Editor, Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1989.

R. Kaiser, “Enhanced Removal of Sub-Micron Particles from Surfaces by High Molecular Weight Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, p. 10-18, Proc. 32nd Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Society of Vacuum Coaters, St. Louis, MO, April 1989. 

R. Kaiser, “Enhanced Removal of Sub-Micron Particles from Surfaces by High Molecular Weight Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, p. 306-312, Proc. 35th Annual Technical Meeting, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Anaheim, CA, May 1989.

R. Kaiser, “Enhanced Particle Removal from Inertial Guidance Instrument Parts by Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, Proc. Intl. CFC & Halon Alternatives Conference, p.565, Washington, DC, October 1993.

R. Kaiser and R.R. Ambati, “Particle Removal from Inertial Guidance Instrument Parts in Continuous Flow System by Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, Proc. Intl. Rolling Element Bearing Symposium ’94, San Diego, CA, April 1994.

R. Kaiser, R.H. Campbell, G. Letourneau, and R.R. Ambati, “Instrumented Laboratory System for the Evaluation of Alternative Cleaning Technologies”, Proc. Intl. CFC & Halon Alternatives Conference, p. 560, Washington, DC, October 1994

C.S. Yam, O.K. Harling, and R. Kaiser, “Nondestructive Decontamination in Perfluorinated Liquids of Radioactive Circuit Boards”, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc., 71, 139, 1994.

R. Kaiser, “Enhanced Particle Removal from Inertial Guidance Instrument Parts by Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions", p. 269-282, in “Particles on Surfaces 4: Detection, Adhesion and Removal”, K.L. Mittal, Editor, Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1995.

C.S. Yam, R. Kaiser, and O.K. Harling, “Nondestructive Decontamination of Radioactive Electronic Equipment by Fluorinated Surfactant Solutions”, p. 1211, Proc. 5th Intl. Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation (ICEM ’95), Berlin, Germany, September 1995.

R. Kaiser and R.R. Ambati, “Development of HFC/HFE Displacement Drying Formulations”, p. 736, Proc. Intl. CFC & Halon Alternatives Conference, p. 560, Washington, DC, October 1996.

R. Andersen and R. Kaiser. “Replacement of CFC-113 by HFE-71DE Azeotrope in Missile Control Hardware Cleaning Operations”, p. 717, Proc. Intl. CFC & Halon Alternatives Conference, p. 560, Washington, DC, October 1996.

R. Kaiser, et al, “Decontamination of Electromechanical Parts by the Sonatol Process”, Proc. WM ’97 Conference, Tucson, AZ, March 1997.

R. Kaiser, C.S. Yam, and. R.R. Ambati, “On-line Monitoring of the Cleanliness of Processed Piece Parts”, Proc. Precision Cleaning ’97, Cincinnati, OH, May 1997.

C.S. Yam, R. Kaiser and O.K. Harling, “Enhanced Removal of Radioactive Particles in Fluorinated Liquids – An Application in Nuclear Decontamination”, J. Adhesion, 60, 163-173, 1997.

R. Kaiser, et al, “Decontamination of Coalescing Filters by the Sonatol Process”, p. 112, Proc. I&EC Special Symposium, “Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management IX”, D.W. Tedder, Editor, American Chemical Society, September 1997.

R. Kaiser, C.S. Yam, and A.E. Desrosiers, “Decontamination of Delicate Parts for Reuse”, p.  3-155, Proc. X-change ’97, Miami, FL, December 1997.

R. Kaiser, et al, “Decontamination of Electromechanical Parts by the Sonatol Process: II – Results”, Proc. WM ’98 Conference, Tucson, AZ, March 1998.

A.E. Desrosiers, R. Kaiser, and C.S. Yam, “Ultrasonic Cleaning of Effluent Gas Filters”, Proc. WM ’98 Conference, Tucson, AZ, March 1998.

A.E. Desrosiers, C.S. Yam, and R. Kaiser,  “Ultrasonic Cleaning of Effluent Gas Filters”, Proc. EPRI International Low-Level Waste Conference, Orlando, FL, July 1998.

A.E. Desrosiers, P. Cassidy, and R. Kaiser, “Reuse of HEPA Filters” Proc. Beneficial Reuse Conference, Knoxville, TN, August 1998.

C.S. Yam, et al, “Decontamination of TRU-Contaminated Equipment by the Sonatol Process”, Proc. SEMA Environmental Management, Martinez, GA, November 1998.

A.E. Desrosiers and R. Kaiser, “TRU Waste Minimization During Hot Cell Decommissioning”, Proc. WM ’99 Conference, Tucson, AZ, March 1999.

R. Kaiser, C.S. Yam, and A.E. Desrosiers, “Decontamination of Delicate Parts for Reuse”, p. 117, Proc. Clean Tech ’99, Rosemount, IL, May 1999.

A.E. Desrosiers, R. Kaiser, and C.B. Voth, “TRU Waste Minimization During Hot Cell Decommissioning”, Proc. ANS Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, June 1999.

A.E. Desrosiers and R. Kaiser, “Decontamination of HEPA Filters for Reuse”, Proc. EPRI International Low-Level Waste Conference, McAfee, NJ, July 1999.

R. Kaiser, R.S. Miller, and J.T. Cardin, “Spray Cleaning with Hydrofluorocarbon Solutions”, Proc. SPIE Conf. 3784, “Optical System Contamination Effects, Measurements, and Control VII“, Denver, CO, July 1999.

R. Kaiser and K.B. Haraldsen, “Decontamination of Sensitive Equipment”, Presented at 2000 Joint Service Chemical and Biological Decontamination Conference, Salt Lake City, UT, May 23, 2000.

A.E. Desrosiers and R. Kaiser, “Pilot Scale Test of the Sonatol Dry Cleaning Process”, Radiation Protection Management, p. 17-22, May/June 2000.

A.J. Pervan, J. Grilly, S.L. Lim, and R. Kaiser, “In-Process Pipe Cleanliness Monitoring”, Precision Cleaning, 20-24, May-June 2000.

R. Kaiser, A.J. Pervan, J. Grilly, and S.L. Lim, “On-line, In-Situ Instrumental Monitoring of Cleaning in a Piping System”, American Society of Metals, Surface Engineering Symposium, Cleaning of Surfaces I, St. Louis, MO, October 11, 2000.

A.J. Pervan, J.Grilly, S.L. Lim, and R. Kaiser, “Reduction of cleaning and verification times for an aqueous based process by on-line monitoring”,  Proc. Seventh Intl. Symposium on Particles on Surfaces: Detection, Adhesion and Removal,  pp. 41-56, K.L. Mittal, Editor, VSP BV, Utrecht, 2002.

R. Kaiser, R.S. Miller, and J.T. Cardin, “Spray Cleaning with Hydrofluorocarbon Solutions” Proc. Seventh Intl. Symposium on Particles on Surfaces: Detection, Adhesion and Removal”, pp. 443-451, K.L. Mittal, Editor, VSP BV, Utrecht, 2002.

R. Kaiser and K.B. Haraldsen, “Decontamination of Sensitive Equipment”, Proc. First  Intl. Symposium on Surface Contamination and Cleaning,  pp. 109-127, K.L. Mittal, Editor, VSP BV, Utrecht, 2002.

T. Piazza and  R. Kaiser, “Ultrasonic Parameters and Ultrasonic Efficacy”, Presented at Clean-Tech 2002 Atlanta, GA, May 23, 2002

B. MacIver, R. Spafford, and R. Kaiser, “Precision Wiping Studies in Support of Block III Decontamination Efforts”, DECON 2002, 4th Decontamination Commodity Area Conference, San Diego, CA,  October 24, 2002

Robert Kaiser , “Novel Decontamination Pads”, DECON 2002, 4th Decontamination Commodity Area Conference, San Diego, CA,  October 24, 2002

D. E. Burke and R. Kaiser, “To NVR or not NVR?”, CleanTech, 3 (10), 24-29, October 2003

R. Kaiser, S. Mesite,  H.F. Reinhardt, R. Willie, and B. MacIver, “In-Situ Formation of Particulate Sorbents”, Joint Service Scientific Conference on Chemical and Biological Defense Research, Towson, MD, November 19, 2003

B. MacIver, R. Spafford, and R. Kaiser, “Portable Decontamination: Preliminary Development and Evaluation of a Decontamination Wipe System”, DECON 2004, 5th Decontamination Commodity Area Conference, Tampa, FL,  May 2004

R. Kaiser, S. Mesite,  H.F. Reinhardt, R. Willie, and B. MacIver, “In-Situ Formation of Particulate Sorbents”, DECON 2004, 5th Decontamination Commodity Area Conference, Tampa, FL,  May 2004

R. Kaiser, A. Kulczyk, and J. Grilly, “The Development of a  Photodigital Imaging Method of Quantifying Surface Particulate Contamination”, Particles on Surfaces 9: Detection, Adhesion and Removal, pp. 63-73, K.L. Mittal, Editor, VSP, Leiden-Boston, 2006.

R. Kaiser, J. Desrosiers, and A. Kulczyk, “ Decontamination of Pu-238 Legacy Waste by the Sonatol Process”, Particles on Surfaces 9: Detection, Adhesion and Removal, pp. 153-165, K.L. Mittal, Editor, VSP, Leiden - Boston, 2006.

R. Kaiser and T.J. Fredette, ”Modified Off-Gassing Assay Method for Absorptive Materials”, 2004 Scientific Conference on Chemical & Biological Defense Research, Hunt Valley, MD, November 2004.

A. Kulczyk, R. Kaiser ,W. Miller, D. Heenan , and A. Judd, “Removal of CWA Simulants from Decontamination Solvents by Activated Carbon Fabric Filters”, Joint Service Scientific Conference on Chemical and Biological Defense Research, Timonium, MD, November 15, 2005

R. Kaiser, A. Kulczyk, D. Rich,  R. Willey, J. Minicucci and Brian Mac Iver, “Effect of Pore Size Distribution of  Commercial Activated Carbon Fabrics on the Adsorption of CWA Simulants from the Liquid Phase”, Joint Service Scientific Conference on Chemical and Biological Defense Research, Timonium, MD, November 15, 2005

R. Kaiser, A. Kulczyk,  J.  Minicucci, R. Willey, R. Spafford,  and B. Mac Iver,

“Adsorptive Wipes using Activated Carbon Fabrics”, DECON 2005, 6th Decontamination Commodity Area Conference, Tucson, AZ  December 2005

A. Judd, T. Fredette, T. Alarcon, S. Kirkland, G. Stickel, D. Heenan,  A. Kulczyk, and R. Kaiser,  ”Development of a Two Step Precision Cleaning Process for the Decontamination of Sensitive Equipment Items Contaminated with Chemical Warfare Agents”, DECON 2005, 6th Decontamination Commodity Area Conference, Tucson, AZ  December 2005

A. Judd, T. Fredette, T. Alarcon, S. Kirkland, G. Stickel, D. Heenan,  A. Kulczyk, and R. Kaiser,  ”Development of a Two Step Precision Cleaning Process for the Decontamination of Sensitive Equipment Items Contaminated with Chemical Warfare Agents”, Proc. Tenth International Symposium on Particles on Surfaces, Toronto, Canada, June 2006.

Robert Kaiser, Adam Kulczyk,  James Minicucci, Ronald Willey, Ralph Spafford,  and Brian Mac Iver, “ Adsorptive Wipes using Activated Carbon Fabrics”, 2006 Denver DECON Science & Technology Conference, Westminster, Colorado, USA, November 2006

Adam Judd and Robert Kaiser, “The Destruction of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents Using Aldehyde-Containing Fluorocarbons”, 2006 Denver DECON Science & Technology Conference, Westminster, Colorado, USA, November 2006

Robert Kaiser, Brian K. MacIver, Adam J. Kulczyk, Ralph B. Spafford III, Ronald J. Willey, and James Miniccuci, “Effect of Pore Size Distribution on the Adsorption Capacity and Off-gassing Characteristics of Activated Carbon Fabrics for Decontamination of Surfaces”, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology for Chemical and Biological Defense, 234th ACS National Meeting, Boston, MA,  August 21, 2007

Robert Kaiser, Adam Kulczyk, David Rich,  Ronald J. Willey, James Minicucci and Brian MacIver, “Effect of Pore Size Distribution of Commercial Activated Carbon Fabrics on the Adsorption of CWA Simulants from the Liquid Phase”, I&EC Research, 46(19), 6126-6132, 2007 

Brian MacIver, Carol Brevett, Robert Kaiser, and Adam Kulczyk, “Operational Decontamination Wipe and the in-situ Degradation of Chemical Agents on Activated Carbon Fabrics, Joint Chemical Biological Decontamination & Protection Conference & Exposition, Virginia Beach, VA, October 2007 

Robert Kaiser, “Solvent Cleaning of Fragile Artifacts without Mechanical Agitation”, in: Pesticide Mitigation in Museum Collections: Science in Conservation. A.E.Charola and R.J. Koestler, Eds. Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation No.1, pp. 13-24 Smithsonian institution Scholarly Press, Washington, DC. 2010

Government Reports

R. Kaiser, P.M. Gallagher and V.J. Krukonis, “Freon (CFC-113) Solvent Replacement: A New Process for Precision Parts Cleaning”, Phase I Final Report, Prepared for USAF Ballistic Missile Organization, Norton AFB, CA 92409-6468, Contract No. F 04704-91-C-0033, January 1992.

R. Kaiser and O.K. Harling, “Enhanced Removal of Radioactive Particles by Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, Phase I Final Report, Report No. NUREG/CR-6081, Prepared for U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, 20555-0001, NRC FIN L 2575, August 1993.

R. Kaiser, C.E. Bensen, E.S. Meyers, and V.C.A. Vaughen, “Decontamination by Cleaning with Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions”, ORNL/TM-12444, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, February 1994.

R.R. Ambati and R. Kaiser, “Silicone Particle Removal Study for Gyro Components”, Final Report, Prepared for DCSC-S (TSG), Columbus, OH 42316-5000, Contract SPO 700-94-A-VO54, June 1994.

R. Kaiser, R.R. Ambati, and D.C. Grant, “Precision Parts Cleaning: Freon Replacement Technology, Volume 2”, Phase II Final Report, Prepared for USAF, DET 10, SMC/SDC, San Bernadino, CA 92408-1621, Contract No. F 04704-92-C-0017, July 1994.

R. Kaiser and R.R.  Ambati, “Improved Perfluorinated Water-Displacement Formulation and Process” , Phase I Final Report, Report No. BMO-TR-95-01, Prepared for USAF, DET 10, SMC/SDC, San Bernadino, CA 92408-1621, Contract No. F 29601-94-C-0081, January 1995.

R. Kaiser, C.S. Yam, and O.K. Harling,  “Enhanced Removal of Radioactive Particles by Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions – Process Development”, Interim Report, Prepared for US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, Contract No. NRC-04-93-106, March 1995.

R. Kaiser and D. Foley, “Environmentally Safe Solvent Based Wafer Cleaning Process”, Phase I Final Report, Prepared For USAF WL/AADD, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7327, Contract No. F33615-96-C-1873, November 1996.

R. Kaiser and R.R.  Ambati, “Improved Perfluorinated Water-Displacement Formulation and Process” , Phase II Final Report, Report No. SMC-TR-97-20, Prepared for USAF SMC/XME, Los Angeles AFB, CA 90245-4683, Contract No. F 29601-95-C-0048A, August 1997.

R. Kaiser, C.S. Yam, S.R. Landahl, P.A. Droof, and P.H. Jones, Jr., “Enhanced Removal of Radioactive Particles by Fluorocarbon Surfactant Solutions – Process Demonstration”, Final Report, Prepared for US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC, Contract No. NRC-04-93-106, September 1997.

R. Kaiser, D. Ferguson, and L. Sciaba, “Decontamination of Aircraft Electronic Equipment”, AFRL-HE-WP-TR-1998-0003, Phase I Final Report, October 1997.

R. Kaiser and R.S. Miller, “Ground Operations and Storage Contamination Control System for Space-Based Optical Systems”, Phase I Final Report, Report No. AFRL-DE-TR-1999-1009, Prepared for AFRL-DE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117-5776, Contract No. F29601-98-C-0090, February 1999

R. Kaiser, “Decontamination of Open Wounds”, Phase I Draft Final Report, Prepared for AMSSB-AL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5424 Contract No. F 33615-00-M-6027, October 2000.

R. Kaiser,  “Decontamination of Aircraft Electronic Equipment”, Phase II Final Report, Prepared for AMSCB-AFRL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5423, Contract No. F41624-98-C-5061, November 2000.

Brian MacIver, Ralph B. Spafford III, Robert Kaiser, and Adam Kulczyk, “Development of a Portable Sensitive Equipment Decontamination System – Volume I – Studies”, Report No. ECBC-TR-XXX,  , US Army Research, Development and Engineering Command, Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD, 21010,   February 2008.

Brian MacIver, Robert Kaiser, Adam Kulczyk, and Jamie Smadbeck, “Development of a Portable Sensitive Equipment Decontamination System – Volume II: Activated Carbon Fiber Wipe”, Report No. ECBC-TR-XXX, US Army Research, Development and Engineering Command, Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD, 21010,  February 2008.

Robert Kaiser, “Decontamination Wipes for First Responders”, Final Report, EPA Contract Number: EPD08031, August 2008